Academic Bill of Rights; David Horowitz

Academic Bill of Rights; David Horowitz Free Online Research Papers In the past, intellectual pluralism and academic freedom have been highly valued central principles shared and upheld by most universities. However, in recent years many conservative activists and college students alike have begun to express concern that these principles have faded and are no longer respected by many professors. In 2003, in attempt to solve this problem one activist, David Horowitz, constructed and proposed a new Academic Bill of Rights (ABR) be implemented into universities. Horowitz’ ABR is based upon the concept that there are no limits to human knowledge and therefore no principle un-open to objection. The document is composed of eight tenets which aim to eliminate strong-minded professors from force-feeding vulnerable students their political views while instead creating fair and comfortable environments for students to learn in. Horowitz’ ABR should be implemented into universities in order to assure equal learning environments that ensure all students are able to reach their full potential without the persuasion of others. Perhaps one of the ABR’s most valuable philosophies is that academic growth progresses when students are able to take what they’ve learned and use it develop their own opinions. If professors are biased in their presentations and lessons in class students aren’t able to fully comprehend the subject on all levels. Just like a puzzle, if you’re missing pieces, you’re never going to be able to see the whole picture. When only one viewpoint of a controversy or situation is presented it’s not always easy to distinguish the idea as the whole picture, or merely a piece to the puzzle. The ABR says, â€Å"While teachers are and should be free to pursue their own findings and perspectives in presenting their views, they should consider and make their students aware of other viewpoints,† allowing students to decide for themselves what to believe. After all, what value is your opinion if it’s really only the opinion of somebody else? I’ve found that in today’s world many students, including myself, come into college with very little political knowledge, let alone a firm political stance. College for many is a place to explore and develop a better understanding of politics, and eventually establish a more concrete stance. Professors, many viewed as experts of their subjects, are often looked up to by students and have a great influence on many of them. When professors constantly preach bias political opinions or philosophies to students, they’re bound to have an effect. It’s a major concern that without regulations of the ABR in place some professors, from both sides of the spectrum, might knowledgably be taking advantage of the influence they have on these young minds. In a sense these professors could be robbing students, intentionally or unintentionally, of their right to learn and freedom to choose. Political and Religious bias however, extends much farther than professors prematurely influencing students in the classroom. Many students have also expressed worries concerning the merit of professors grading due to opposing political or religious outlooks. Sharon Schuman narrates several of likely hundreds of cases like this in her article; â€Å"Picked on by the Prof.† She describes one student, Marissa Freimanis, of Cal State Long Beach, who’s perfect GPA was blemished after clashing political ideologies with an English professor. These types of instances shouldn’t be tolerated by universities. The ABR deems, â€Å"students will be graded solely on the basis of their reasoned answers and appropriate knowledge of the subjects and disciplines they study, not on the basis of their political or religious beliefs.† After all, a universities purpose is to oversee and help students grow and develop both intellectually and as individuals in order to succee d in life. To do this successfully its necessary universities implement the ABR to give students somewhere to turn to, and a system to help resolve these types of stressful situations. Perhaps the most astonishing and blunt display of liberal bias in today’s academic world is that of Ward Churchill, University of Colorado ethnic-studies professor. In early 2005 news broke that the professor had written an essay, comparing victims of the September 11 terrorist attack to Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann. â€Å"The specter of the long-haired, chain-smoking, research-faking, America-bashing Mr. Churchill molding impressionable young minds turned Mr. Horowitz’s pet project into a national sensation almost overnight. Suddenly, it became difficult to argue that liberal bias on campus was the product of an overheated right-wing imagination,† states Valerie Richardson in her article â€Å"Academic Manifesto Takes Root.† The case of Ward Churchill may be an extreme one, but nonetheless proves indefinitely and undeniably that biased professors do in fact exist today. However, despite these displays there are still those who argue that attempting to interpret the true intentions of a professor isn’t a realistic possibility, and surely isn’t something worth wasting time debating over. Some might even still say there is no issue here at all, that these are simply stories, crafted by the minds of angry conservative students. However, even imagining that being true, most would still agree with the principle of the matter; it would be wrong and unfair if a professor were to base student’s grade upon their political or religious beliefs. That being said, would it really hurt to implement the ABR as a precaution? If these situations are in fact unreal, the new principles wouldn’t affect anyone in a negative way, and at the same time would put those concerned conservative students at ease. Although primarily focused on creating greater academic environments and opportunities for students, Horowitz’ ABR also touches on and strongly values that an equal playing field is given to professors as well. This stresses that professor’s religious or political ideologies aren’t taken into any consideration when decisions are being made. The ABR states that â€Å"all faculty shall be hired, fired, promoted and granted tenure on the basis of their competence and appropriate knowledge in the field of their expertise.† This not only insures that faculty is treated and administered equally, but furthermore that the quality of professors remains at the highest standards. Horowitz’s ABR has the power to enrich the education and academic achievement at any university. It’s essential to the success of universities that the principles of intellectual pluralism and academic freedom come to be highly valued and respected once again. The ABR allows these two principles to coexist by creating open and safe academic standards and environments for students. In days like these with so many beginning to become concerned with professors, universities can’t afford to ignore this innovative document. 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MCAT Accommodations

MCAT Accommodations When youre interested in applying to medical school, but you happen to need accommodations of some kind, it may seem like you have no recourse when it comes to taking the MCAT. You couldnt be more incorrect. Like on other standardized tests – the SAT, the LSAT, the GRE – accommodations are available for the MCAT, too. The only thing youll be required to do if you believe youre someone who needs MCAT accommodations, is figure out the steps you need to take to secure that type of registration. Thats where this article comes in handy. See below for information regarding the types of MCAT accommodations available and the things you   need to do to secure them for yourself. MCAT Registration FAQs Who Needs MCAT Accommodations? Testers who have a medical condition or disability that necessitates changes to the MCAT testing conditions (or think they have one) should go ahead and apply for an MCAT accommodation. The AAMC lists the following as representative of conditions or disabilities that may qualify you for a testing change. They note, however, that the list is not inclusive, so if you believe you need an MCAT change, you should apply even if your particular disability or condition is not listed below: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Anxiety disordersMajor depressionLearning disabilitiesPhysical impairmentsVisual impairmentsCrohns DiseaseDiabetesMobility impairments MCAT Accommodations Available Depending on the need of the individual requesting the accommodation, the AAMC will offer things to help make the MCAT more accessible. The following list is just a sampling of what they can do for you: Large printExtra testing timeA separate testing roomPermission to bring in specific items like an inhaler, water or hard candy into the testing room If you require a testing situation outside one of these accommodations the AAMC is willing to make, youll need to make that clear in your application so they can review your needs and make a determination. MCAT Accommodations Application Process In order to get the ball rolling on securing MCAT accommodations, youll need to complete the following steps. Register for an AAMC ID. Youll use this ID when you register for the MCAT, apply for accommodations, apply to medical school, apply for a residency and more. So, make sure your user ID and password is one that youll remember and wont mind seeing again and again. Register for the MCAT. Youll need to register for a regular MCAT testing seat at first, so you can take the test on the date and time you prefer in case your accommodations request is denied. With dozens of test dates and times to choose from, youll be sure to find one that suits you best. Review the Accommodation Request Time Frames and Types. There are different times you must submit your application based on what youre trying to get approved. Many require 60 days, so do your research! Read the Application Requirements for Your Type of Impairment. There are different procedures to go through based on whether you have a physical impairment thats permanent (diabetes, asthma), an injury (a broken leg) or a learning disability . Every application must include a personalized cover letter that describes your disability and functional impairments along medical documentation and an evaluation provided by the AAMC. Submit your Application. You must – MUST – submit your application for accommodations no later than 60 days before the Silver Zone registration deadline. Whats the Silver Zone Registration? Wait for a Decision! Youll receive a letter via the MCAT Accommodations Online that your request has either been approved or denied. If youve been approved, your next step will be to confirm your seat as an accommodated tester. If youre denied, just show up for your standard testing time. MCAT Accommodations Questions Got a question for the AAMC? You can either contact them via email or mail. E-mail: accommodationsaamc.org Mailing Address AAMCMCAT Office of Accommodated TestingAttn: Saresa Davis, Mailroom Supervisor2450 N Street, NWWashington, DC 20037

Early Medical Practices in the Neolithic Period Research Proposal

Early Medical Practices in the Neolithic Period - Research Proposal Example The objectives are to conduct a visual survey and then a targeted analysis looking for narcotic or other chemical traces, and to interpret the remains holistically including any new evidence found. Literature review There is a very extensive literature on the burial practices of Neolithic peoples, (Thomas, 1999) and indeed excavations of burial sites, especially in Egypt but also across Europe and in the Americas provide the largest sources of human bone material for analysis. The form of deposition human remains is, however, not without its problems because the bones are subjected to various processes ranging from burning, to de-fleshing, selected preservation of only parts of the body, and mummification. Various kinds of positioning in different types of ground leave traces on the bones which add layers of complication to scientific analysis. Incomplete samples survive, with uneven distribution due to geological rather than historical variation, which makes it difficult to form a c omplete picture. There are some Neolithic bone samples which show evidence of healing, but it is not certain that this is a result of medical intervention. The large number of trephined skulls found in Europe in Neolithic deposits, and somewhat later also in Peru, is however, incontrovertible evidence of medical activity (Ackerknecht, 1968, p. 8). McKenzie (1936, p. 895) theorizes that the purpose of scraping a hole in the skull was to cure giddiness or epilepsy but it is unclear what evidence can be drawn to point to this conclusion, other than that no trauma is evident in the bones, which could otherwise explain the hole. The Peruvian examples do show evidence of... This study is a great example of an investigation into Neolithic Doctoring practices via visual and chemical analysis. The Neolithic period from between 4000 and 2000 BC is widely recognised as being pivotal in human history because it marks the time when large populations of people shifted from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a more settled existence dependent on agriculture as a major food source. Evidence for this has been gathered from several centuries of work in the field of archaeology. Often, however, the human artifacts do not provide complete answers to exploratory research questions, and so holistic techniques from the field of anthropology can be used to make sense of supplement sparse findings. The aim of the study is to explore the evidence in Neolithic skeletal remains in order to illuminate medical practices of this period. The majority of the material available from the Neolithic period consists of skeletal remains, and some work has been done on dental evidence and diet (Lubell et al., 1994). A combination of thorough visual examination and modern GC-MS testing of the bone material for chemical elements offers a new angle on medical practices because it will reveal both healing processes at work, and any potential use of medicinal narcotics. These testing techniques have been used on organic residues of 958 British prehistoric pots to trace dairy material and a similar method applied to Neolithic bone may bring to light significant information on medical practices of that time.

Assessments and children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assessments and children - Essay Example Teachers in early childhood education should be very committed, as children require extra care and the teacher should be very attentive to ensure that the children really understand what they have learnt in class. Additionally, the teacher should be ready to communicate as he or she has to inform parents about the progress of their children, has to communicate with children to ensure that they understand, and has to report to the school management (Childcare Education Institute Para. 1-7). Teachers use several tools to assess the progress of the pupils and one assessing tool used is a review and reflection tool. This tool assesses and reflects on the progress the knowledge that children have acquired in class and enables the teacher to come with strategies to handle each child. The advantage of this assessment tool is that it makes children to be keen on the things learnt in class and promotes the relationship between the teacher and the child. Additionally, there are high expectations of children understanding the lessons learnt in class through reflections (Flottman, Stewart, and Collette 6-12). In conclusion, early childhood education has been vital in molding children about life and the teachers in early childhood education should be committed and use the right tools to ensure that children understand things learnt in class. Flottman Rachel, Stewart Lucinda and Collette Tayler. Practice Principle 7: Assessment for Learning and Development. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.

Murder for Hire Essay -- Abortion

Every year in January, protestors line the streets of Washington D.C. with signs that boldly exclaim, â€Å"Abortion is Murder†, â€Å"Right to Life†, and â€Å"Pro-Life.† The March for Life protest attracts approximately one quarter of a million people from across the country annually to demonstrate their disdain for abortion. Ever since the Supreme Court ruling on Roe v. Wade in 1973, Americans and lawmakers alike remain in constant dispute over the moral and legal issues of early pregnancy termination. Those opposed to abortion strongly believe that abortion negates the "Right to Life," and they consider it as morally reprehensible. On the other hand, pro-choice supporters debate that such statements merely embody religious beliefs and values. Pro-abortionists argue that the right to an abortion lies solely with the pregnant woman. Regardless of the endless tirades and diatribes from pro-choice defenders and their attempts to justify early pregnancy termination, I find abortion to be constitutionally illegal, immoral, and downright disgusting as many alternatives to the matter exist. The Constitution of the United States of America holds a logical case for life. The nature and premise of its body hold the roots to the basic fundamentals of human existence: survive and reproduce.The Fifth Amendment preserves the right to life: â€Å"No person shall†¦be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law† (U.S. Constitution). Those who are pro-choice often debate that the decision for early pregnancy termination falls under the category of women’s rights. The importance of safeguarding the freedom of all United States citizens surfaces multiple times in the Constitution, yet this freedom of choice cannot be so infinite that it has... ... Andre, C., and M. Velasquez."Forcing pregnant women to do as they’re told: Maternal vs. fetal rights. â€Å"Santa Clara University.(2010). . Babbel, S.. "Post Abortion Stress Syndrome (PASS) - Does It Exist?" Psychology today. Somatic Psychology, 2010. Web. 27 Apr 2012. . Christian action for reformation and revival .Christian Action, 2003. Web. 27 Apr 2012. http://www.christianaction.org.za/articles/10rguments.htm M. Gissler et. al., â€Å"Injury deaths, suicides and homicides associated with pregnancy, Finland 1987-2000,† European J. Public Health 15(5):459-63 (2005). "PlanB One-Step - One Pill. One Step.." Plan b one-step. Teva Women, 2011. Web. 26 Apr 2012. . Murder for Hire Essay -- Abortion Every year in January, protestors line the streets of Washington D.C. with signs that boldly exclaim, â€Å"Abortion is Murder†, â€Å"Right to Life†, and â€Å"Pro-Life.† The March for Life protest attracts approximately one quarter of a million people from across the country annually to demonstrate their disdain for abortion. Ever since the Supreme Court ruling on Roe v. Wade in 1973, Americans and lawmakers alike remain in constant dispute over the moral and legal issues of early pregnancy termination. Those opposed to abortion strongly believe that abortion negates the "Right to Life," and they consider it as morally reprehensible. On the other hand, pro-choice supporters debate that such statements merely embody religious beliefs and values. Pro-abortionists argue that the right to an abortion lies solely with the pregnant woman. Regardless of the endless tirades and diatribes from pro-choice defenders and their attempts to justify early pregnancy termination, I find abortion to be constitutionally illegal, immoral, and downright disgusting as many alternatives to the matter exist. The Constitution of the United States of America holds a logical case for life. The nature and premise of its body hold the roots to the basic fundamentals of human existence: survive and reproduce.The Fifth Amendment preserves the right to life: â€Å"No person shall†¦be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law† (U.S. Constitution). Those who are pro-choice often debate that the decision for early pregnancy termination falls under the category of women’s rights. The importance of safeguarding the freedom of all United States citizens surfaces multiple times in the Constitution, yet this freedom of choice cannot be so infinite that it has... ... Andre, C., and M. Velasquez."Forcing pregnant women to do as they’re told: Maternal vs. fetal rights. â€Å"Santa Clara University.(2010). . Babbel, S.. "Post Abortion Stress Syndrome (PASS) - Does It Exist?" Psychology today. Somatic Psychology, 2010. Web. 27 Apr 2012. . Christian action for reformation and revival .Christian Action, 2003. Web. 27 Apr 2012. http://www.christianaction.org.za/articles/10rguments.htm M. Gissler et. al., â€Å"Injury deaths, suicides and homicides associated with pregnancy, Finland 1987-2000,† European J. Public Health 15(5):459-63 (2005). "PlanB One-Step - One Pill. One Step.." Plan b one-step. Teva Women, 2011. Web. 26 Apr 2012. .

Parallels Between Nora in “A Doll’s House” and Blanche in “Streetcar Named Desire”

Within the classic works of literature, there often exist parallels between characters, settings, themes, and the like.   An especially interesting example of parallels among characters exists between Nora in Ibsen’s â€Å"A Doll’s House† and Williams’ â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire†.In this paper, the parallels between these characters will be presented, not only in the outward appearance and circumstances of both, but also in terms of common themes, symbolism, and more in order to provide a well rounded piece of research and evaluation of these complex protagonists.Nora and Blanche Superficially ComparedTo begin, Nora and Blanche will be compared in terms of their outward characteristics and environments so that a basis of comparison can be established on the most basic level, before more in-depth comparison can take place.Nora, in â€Å"A Doll’s House†, is presented by Ibsen on the surface as a vulnerable woman, dependent upon the assistance and approval of others, especially men.   Having led a sheltered life, Nora grows up in the care of her father, and immediately moves to the care of her husband upon her marriage, giving the reader the distinct impression that she is totally reliant upon the help of others, or more precisely, the help of male figures of authority (Drake).As a result of this fragility on her part, Nora becomes impulsive and materialistic as the work unfolds in the initial portions of it; however, the tantalizing suggestion exists that Nora uses a practiced vulnerability in order to ultimately manipulate the men in her life.   As the story reaches its climax, Nora emerges from her circumstances as a fully independent woman who rejects the idea that marriage and motherhood is necessary to validate her as a person (Ibsen).Blanche, as portrayed in Tennessee Williams’ â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire† is also presented as somewhat vulnerable and reliant on others, but in differ ent ways.   Early in her life, Blanche leans on a man whom she believes will be her husband and take care of her, but ultimately, through a series of complicated situations including his confrontation of his own homosexuality, he takes his own life, leaving Blanche to her own devices (Bloom).In an effort to validate herself, Blanche becomes the caretaker for the elderly members of her family, watching each of them pass away one by one, and along with them, a piece of her dies as well.   Ultimately, Blanche finds herself seeking shelter and support from others when, as she loses her home and financial resources, she is forced to move into an apartment with another woman and man.Like Nora, Blanche initially seeks validation and protection from men, but in her case, the men are a series of strangers with whom she indulges in intimacy in a fruitless search for attention, protection and a sense of herself (Combs).   Ultimately, Blanche is forced to face the reality of her inner sel f, and like Nora, come to some hard decisions about who she has been, who she will become, and how all of this will interrelate.In comparing Nora and Blanche simply on the surface, we see two women who are seeking to find their way in the world so to speak, but more importantly, each is also trying to find out who they really are and also trying to find a sense of independence and validity despite trying circumstances.This being understood, there are several key themes that these women have in common; themes that are more abstract but important nonetheless.   They are identified and discussed as follows:Fantasy Versus RealityBoth Nora and Blanche find themselves in a struggle between fantasy and reality; initially, both women are lulled into the false fantasy world where men make them complete, validate their existence, and will help them to live happily ever after, as the classic fairy tale goes.However, as reality sets in, both women find that they ultimately need to define them selves on their own, and the actual reality is that we all find ourselves alone and should not rely on someone else to complete or validate our existence.   For Nora, reality comes in the form of her independence from marriage and motherhood, which allows her the luxury of full expression of her inner self.   For Blanche, reality comes in the form of the gravity of her promiscuity and the effect that it has had on others, as well as herself.LonelinessFor the entire action taking place around them, it is fair and accurate to assert that both Nora and Blanche are lonely in one sense or another.   While it is not the type of loneliness that comes from being totally alone, it is the type of loneliness that comes from not truly knowing anyone, including themselves.Nora realizes eventually that she is a stranger even to herself, and this leaves her feeling quite alone.   For Blanche, faced with the seemingly constant loss of loved ones through illness and death, she is eventually alone in the literal sense, being the sole survivor of her family.   Loneliness permeates both of these characters, and shapes them forever, for better or worse.DesireThe presence of romantic, emotional, and material desire is a common element to be found in both Nora and Blanche.   Desire is something that can be a positive motivator or a destructive force, and it manifests itself in both ways in the case of these characters, respectively.   In Nora’s case, desire first exists in terms of her desire to feel safe and protected by the men in her life, first her father and then her husband.At the conclusion of â€Å"A Doll’s House†, Nora has a desire to be independent and define herself, which she pursues.   Blanche, in â€Å"A Streetcar Named Desire†, has desire of the amorous nature, which burns so hotly that it almost consumes her in its intensity.   At the conclusion of Blanche’s saga, her desire for the love of a man is what brings her full circle in her life experiences.Constant ChangeThere is an old irony that says that the only constant in the world is change; in the case of these characters and works, this is definitely the case.   Change, for better or for worse, charts the course of Nora and Blanche throughout their respective stories.Nora goes through a wide variety of changes, as her domestic situation changes through marriage, and changes once again as she comes to the realization that she is actually her own woman and does not need approval from others to thrive.Blanche goes through the end of the â€Å"Old South† as her role models all fade into eternity and she must change all that she has known as her everyday life.   Both women change constantly and move forward with the action of their stories.The Male and Female DynamicThe dynamic between women and men is as old as time itself, and is a unifying theme in both â€Å"A Doll’s House† and â€Å"Streetcar Named Desire†.à ‚   Nora struggles with the issue of being subservient to a man and allowing him to shape her world, while Blanche seems to want to submit to a man in order to shape her world.   These differences are along the same line of thinking- that men and women, for better or worse, do define each other to a certain extent, but total submission is a different situation altogether.   Both women interact with men, and it influences their lives for better or worse.Closing ThoughtsOn a higher level than the literal, Nora and Blanche represent some of the most intricate nuances of womanhood.   In their comparison, an understanding of the human soul as well, has been achieved.Works CitedBloom, Harold, ed. Tennessee Williams†s a Streetcar Named Desire. New York: Chelsea House, 1988.Combs, Robert. â€Å"Philip C. Kolin, Williams: A Streetcar Named Desire.† American Studies International 41.3 (2003): 104+.Drake, David B. â€Å"Ibsen's a Doll House.† Explicator 53.1 (1994): 3 2-34.Ibsen, Henrik.   â€Å"A Doll’s House†.   Girard, Kansas: Halden Julius, 1923.   

Learning Disabilities - Dysgraphia, Dyslexia, Dyscalcula Free Essay Example, 4500 words

This is because of the evolution of the information age which has resulted in a severe divide from between those having such disabilities and those who do not, as the accessibility to information has become limited for the disabled where no facilitations existing for them. There has been an increase in the number of reported disabled individuals in the recent years of around as according to the 2001 census one in five of the UK population is disabled. This figure amounts to 18 percent of the population is disabled. (BBC - Commissioning - Disabled audiences Audience Information) The reason for this increase has been attributed to the environmental deterioration taking place, polluted water, polluted fish, mercury compounds found in plants and seafood due to toxic waters. Aside from these factors irregularities in fetal development and poor nourishment and care in their initial life can result in long-lasting learning disabilities. Disability also has the tendency to increa se and be aggravated by ageing. This can be seen from the statistics that 50 percent of people who are over the age of 65 are disabled while only 4.3 percent of children have reported disability. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning Disabilities - Dysgraphia, Dyslexia, Dyscalcula or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page The disability can only become a problem when people who have them start suffering from reduced self-confidence and attribute any failures that they might have in their life on themselves (Young, 2005). Such people need to be highly motivated.