Entrepreneurship and Innovation Plan of Cool Air

Question: Discuss about the Entrepreneurship and Innovation Business Plan of Cool Air. Answer: Introduction Before launching a new business, the business experts have to face innumerable barriers to establish their wings in the current market. An effective business plan helps the experts to direct them towards right path. In this particular study, a business plan is prepared for a start-up business, which is going to operate its services in the market of Melbourne, Australia. Melbourne being one of the most recognizable cities of Australia is possessed with large number of population. On the other hand, this particular place is endowed with beautiful tourist spots where numbers of visitors come to enjoy the scenic beauty. Cool Air being an electronic fan manufacturing company has targeted the tourists primarily for selling their products and services. Therefore, it will be easier for the business experts to promote as well as sale their products and services in the city of Melbourne. Cool Air is the name of chosen business organization that primarily aims to manufacture innovative electronic portable fans. This particular product is possessed with unique features that can be operated through solar power. As a result the persons who are roaming around can easily carry this fan and use these in their needs. In this business plan, the business experts will primarily focus on three primary aspects to launch their business process in the market of Australia. The three aspects include market analysis, organizational technologies and financial planning. Description of the business Cool Air is an electronic fan manufacturing company, which will produce innovative portable fans to carry here and there. This specific product would be suitable to those persons who have to remain busy in their field work (Theodosiou, Kehagias and Katsikea 2012). Especially tourists coming from different multinational countries would be benefited from Cool Air. Fans possessed with portability are the core product of Cool Air. Based on the core feature the organization will focus to launch diversified products with superior quality of service process and colorful designs. Mini portable USB rechargeable fan is available in Cool Air. The primary feature of this particular product is it is built in rechargeable battery, which will provide service for more than eight hours. As a result, persons who have to roam around outside for their official works and facilities can purchase this products for their convenience (Aral, Dellarocas and Godes 2013). The fan will be built in three choices o f speed button including high, medium and low. With the dimension of 105 x 40 x 138 mm (approx) and 190 G weight the fan can be carried out easily. On the other hand, the business experts have focused on the product design as well to attract the customers attention. With varieties of colors such as red, green, pink, yellow, blue the product has been rendered with a new impressive look (Boons and Ldeke-Freund 2013). The specialty of Cool Air is manufacturing cap fans. People would not have to carry the product in their hands or bags. This particular fan can be attached in their head. The idea of cap fan is quite innovative that can be operated through solar power. As a result, the customers can be flexible by attaching the fan in their head. The general weight of those products would be around 100 G along with 100 x 30 x 130 mm dimension (approx). Especially this particular product would be beneficial for the tourists as well. Cool Air in order to establish their business process in the current market has rendered some innovative service process as well in order to draw the attention of customers (Chen, Chiang and Storey 2012). The organization has established a refurbishment department based on which customers can lodge their complaints as well. Electronic device may have several risk factors. The customers may find some defects after using the product (Collis and Hussey 2013). Cool Air is always flexible to take the responsibility of their defective products. The primary role of refurbishment department is to check those issues received from the customers and d eliver the proper services within time. Vision The vision of the business is to introduce the innovative product feature to the working professionals who can use this product in their daily lives. This startup company has established the vision to earn the sufficient revenues and establish the sustainable position in the competitive scenario. In order to achieve this, the startup business has undertaken the clear strategy of product innovation. Product Innovations The business plan is focusing on establishing a new business based on the product innovations. The Cool Air Company is introducing the innovative features in the product. This electronic fan has the most attractive features that are easy to use for the business professionals. This device is quite user-friendly and designed for the people who invest their quality time on fieldwork. In order to make this product achievable and demanding, the company is looking forward to adopt multiple marketing techniques. However, prior to the analysis of marketing techniques, it is necessary to concentrate on the market feasibility. The proper market analysis will ensure whether the product will be acceptable to the business professional or not. Market Analysis Before launching a new business, market analysis is highly important to get a clear knowledge about the needs and demands of the customers. People from multinational countries in summer like to visit at different tourist spots of different countries (Wynne 2016). As per the market survey, the owner of this start-up business has identified their target group based on which the product can be designed (Finch 2016). An effective market analysis would help the business experts to evaluate on how the market promotional strategies and policies the marketing managers should follow to draw customers attention. After conducting an effective market analysis the business managers would get to know the current market demand (Rummler and Brache 2012). While making the market analysis the business managers of Cool Air would have to follow the specific parts. Current demand for proposed products and services As per the weather report of Australia, the people have to tolerate extreme weather. In summer the people belonging to Australia has to tolerate high temperature (Shank and Lyberger 2014). As a result, Cool Air has decided to introduce such kind of product that will help the target customers for getting a relief from summer whenever they will be in outside. Portable fan is the primary product of Cool Air. Mini researchable portable fan, folding fans with solar system, cap fan, are the core products that Cool Air manufactures within their organization. At the same time, the service facility of this specific organization is very much flexible (Eriksson and Kovalainen 2015). The customer service executives have been strictly instructed to treat every individual customer with equal priority and response. The service providers are flexible to communicate every individual customer with equal respect and dignity. As a result, people from different geographical corners would be flexible to u se the service of Cool Air. On the other hand, the business experts have decided to appoint at least 200 employees to maintain a balance between products and services. Target market Cool Air will target those customers who have to spend most of the time of their entire day outside home. People who are associated with fieldwork have to spend most of the time outside the office. On the other hand, tourists from different geographical boundaries can be targeted for the particular brand that needs airs at the time of wandering (Ford and Richardson 2013). Cool Air being a start-up business process has decided to focus on the low cost customers. Therefore, persons having average level of income status would afford the products of Cool Air. At the same time, product designers have decided to design the products in such a way that people from various cultures, beliefs and psychology can use service and products of Cool Air. The marketing managers would like to focus on both male and female customers from the age group of 20 to 50. Market niche Market niche is considered as the narrow subsection of the market from a larger market section. While running an entire process of business every organization has to focus on a specific target group whom can be designated as core customer. Cool Air before launching the business in the market of Melbourne has decided to target tourists especially. Melbourne is the city famous for sustainable tourism (Foss and Knudsen 2013). Large number of people from different countries appears in Australia to enjoy its scenic beauty in summer. Therefore, tourists or visitors are the core target group for Cool Air. Without this particular group the organization would not be able to expand their entire business process effectively. The impact of location Location has a major impact in enhancing the entire business process. Especially for a start-up business, the experts should choose such a location where the customers can easily avail. Target group belongs to the various geographical markets (Garca-Morales et al. 2012). Therefore, the business experts should not choose a remote area where the customers may have to face difficulties to visit the organization and use its services. Cool Air has chosen Melbourne as the location due to the popularity of this place. Melbourne is the heart of Australia, well developed in both technologically and economically (Rothaermel 2015). A large number of populations already exist in the heart of Melbourne. Therefore, Cool Air has decided to establish their business process in Melbourne for being available for the people of various geographical markets. Organization and technology Cool Air is established as a start-up business dealing around 200 employees including all the departments. While running the entire process of business, every organization has to follow a specific hierarchy. Cool Air is not exceptional to that. This particular organization is endowed with four managerial division primarily such as marketing division, financial division, human resource department and operational department (Grant 2016). The primary responsible of human resource department is recruiting employees to the particular post, communicating with the employees for collecting necessary feedback, providing professional and development training to the employees for enhancing their knowledge of professionalism (Pike and Page 2014). Cool Air being a new business organization has appointed four executives in the human resource department for keeping a control over entire business process. On the other hand, the marketing managers focus on the promotional activities for reaching their product concept in various geographical markets (Morgan 2012). Cool Air being a start-up business process cannot afford sufficient budget for promotional activities. Australia is out an out developed by economically, socially and technologically (Grunert and Traill 2012). Therefore, the marketing managers have decided to use the popularity of digital media only for promoting their product in different multinational countries. Technological issues After launching their business in the city like Melbourne the business experts of Cool Air have decided to launch technological resources as Australia is advanced in technology. The production managers are highly dependent on technology with the help of which the executives can manufacture large number of products in limited time. The promotional activities of Cool Air are also dependent on technology (Healy and Palepu 2012). Therefore, the concerned managers have to be very much concerned about technological issues. Any kind of technical barrier can demolish the entire process of business (Padgett and Powell 2012). At the same time, the human resource managers would focus to provide proper training in technological skill. As a result, the employees can handle any kind of sudden technological barrier while communicating with the customers (Morgan 2012). The primary advantage of using advanced technology within the business organization is maintaining systematic service procedure and arranging chronological data record. Financial analysis Income Statement Amount (in $) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Revenue for the year 77,500.00 81,375.00 91,140.00 Closing stock 3,500.00 6,575.00 6,000.00 Less: Direct expenses Purchase of materials (21,800.00) (22,890.00) (24,492.30) Carriage inward (1,500.00) (1,500.00) (2,750.00) Gross Income 57,700.00 63,560.00 69,897.70 Less: Indirect expenses Salaries and wages (21,200.00) (23,000.00) (24,500.00) Maintenance charges (4,750.00) (4,500.00) (4,500.00) Rent for the factory (2,700.00) (2,500.00) (2,500.00) Rent for the office (4,200.00) (3,500.00) (3,500.00) Depreciation (5,150.00) (4,279.00) (4,075.00) Advertisement cost (5,100.00) (2,700.00) (3,550.00) Distribution cost (2,150.00) (2,750.00) (3,750.00) Other expenses (1,450.00) (2,050.00) (3,150.00) Net income 11,000.00 18,281.00 20,372.70 Balance Sheet Amount (in $) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Assets: Fixed assets: Machineries 31,000.00 27,900.00 25,110.00 Equipments 20,500.00 19,475.00 18,501.25 Other financial assets 15,425.00 15,000.00 14,450.00 Total fixed assets 66,925.00 62,375.00 58,061.25 Current assets: Debtors 4,600.00 5,000.00 5,250.00 Cash in hand 6,500.00 4,200.00 4,500.00 Closing stock 3,500.00 6,575.00 6,000.00 Total current assets 14,600.00 15,775.00 15,750.00 Total assets 81,525.00 78,150.00 73,811.25 Liabilities: Long- term liabilities: Long- term bank loan 35,500.00 35,500.00 35,500.00 Current liabilities: Creditors 5,375.00 3,250.00 1,150.00 Provisions 3,400.00 3,400.00 1,500.00 Total current liabilities 8,775.00 6,650.00 2,650.00 Total liabilities 44,275.00 42,150.00 38,150.00 Owner's capital: Capital 35,500.00 35,500.00 35,500.00 Reserve 1,750.00 500.00 161.25 Total Owner's capital 37,250.00 36,000.00 35,661.25 Projected Cash Flow Statement Amount (in $) Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Income from the operations 11,000.00 11,550.00 12,936.00 Cash flow from operating activities: Add: Increase in current liabilities 2,100.00 0.00 0.00 Less: Decrease in current liabilities 2,125.00 4,000.00 Less: Increase in current assets (2,500.00) 1,175.00 0.00 Total cash from operating activities 10,600.00 8,250.00 8,936.00 Cash flow from investing activities: Purchase of machinery and equipment (51,500.00) 0.00 0.00 Sale of machinery or equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total cash from investing activities (51,500.00) 0.00 0.00 Cash flow from financing activities: Bank loan taken 35,500.00 35,500.00 35,500.00 Capital provided by the owner 35,500.00 35,500.00 35,500.00 Total cash from financing activities 71,000.00 71,000.00 71,000.00 Net cash inflow 30,100.00 79,250.00 79,936.00 Start-up cost: The company will arrange 50% of the total required fund from the external source and that is bank loan and the other 50% will be contributed by the owner. Further, the organization acquired machineries and equipment for the manufacturing purpose that would be financed by the borrowed amount. Source of financing: The borrowed amount will be financed by taking bank loan at prevailing interest rate provisionally @6% while the organization has estimated the value of financial assets as a source of finance (Parks, Olson and Bokor 2015). Besides, it has been estimated that the company has sufficient value of current assets to be used for working capital. Operating cost: In view of the projected income statement companys direct operating cost estimated to $23,300 in the first year while it reflects increased value by 4% and 11% during the next second and third years respectively. Besides, indirect cost during the second year has been estimated at lower value since the advertisement cost estimated to decline in the next year. Revenue projection Income statement of the organization reflected revenues at increasing trend in all the three years at 5% and 12% in the second and third years respectively (Mengel and Wouters 2015). In addition, the organization estimated closing stock at increased value in the second year but at decrease value in the third value. Profitability analysis Estimated sales revenue at increased percentage and considering direct cost and indirect expenses reflected increased income. During the second year, gross profit reflected increased value at low percentage while net income at higher percentage (Dmitriev et al. 2014). On the other hand, during the third year, companys estimation reflected increase in gross income at high percentage and net income at lower percentage. Therefore, it has been analyzed that the company is required to evaluate the indirect costs during the third year so that the net income percentage can be increased. Conclusion Cool Air has made an effective business plan for launching a start-up electronic manufacturing company in the market of Melbourne. An effective business plan is constituted with three major aspects including market analysis, organization and technology and financial analysis. This particular organization aims to launch portable fans endowed with rechargeable battery or solar power. In the market analysis the expected target market is selected based on which the products and services will be prepared. With the help of a proper financial analysis the organization would be able to make a proper budget. The primary purpose of making a business plan is to control the entire business process. References Alhabeeb, M.J., 2014.Entrepreneurial finance: fundamentals of financial planning and management for small business. John Wiley Sons. Aral, S., Dellarocas, C. and Godes, D., 2013. Introduction to the special issuesocial media and business transformation: a framework for research.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.3-13. Boons, F. and Ldeke-Freund, F., 2013. Business models for sustainable innovation: state-of-the-art and steps towards a research agenda.Journal of Cleaner Production,45, pp.9-19. Chen, H., Chiang, R.H. and Storey, V.C., 2012. Business intelligence and analytics: From big data to big impact.MIS quarterly,36(4), pp.1165-1188. Collis, J. and Hussey, R., 2013.Business research: A practical guide for undergraduate and postgraduate students. Palgrave macmillan. Dmitriev, V., Simmons, G., Truong, Y., Palmer, M. and Schneckenberg, D., 2014. An exploration of business model development in the commercialization of technology innovations.RD Management,44(3), pp.306-321. Eriksson, P. and Kovalainen, A., 2015.Qualitative Methods in Business Research: A Practical Guide to Social Research. Sage. Finch, B., 2016.How to write a business plan. Kogan Page Publishers. Ford, R.C. and Richardson, W.D., 2013. Ethical decision making: A review of the empirical literature. InCitation classics from the Journal of Business Ethics(pp. 19-44). Springer Netherlands. Foss, N.J. and Knudsen, C., 2013.Towards a competence theory of the firm(Vol. 2). Routledge. Garca-Morales, V.J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M.M. and Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L., 2012. Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), pp.1040-1050. Grant, R.M., 2016.Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons. Grunert, K.G. and Traill, B., 2012.Products and process innovation in the food industry. Springer Science Business Media. Healy, P.M. and Palepu, K.G., 2012.Business analysis valuation: Using financial statements. Cengage Learning. Mengel, S. and Wouters, M., 2015. Financial planning and control in very small start-up companies: antecedents and effects on company performance.International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business,26(2), pp.191-216. Morgan, N.A., 2012. Marketing and business performance.Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science,40(1), pp.102-119. Padgett, J.F. and Powell, W.W., 2012.The emergence of organizations and markets. Princeton University Press. Parks, B., Olson, P.D. and Bokor, D.W., 2015. Don't mistake business plans for planning (it may be dangerous to your financial health).Journal of small business strategy,2(1), pp.15-24. Pike, S. and Page, S.J., 2014. Destination Marketing Organizations and destination marketing: A narrative analysis of the literature.Tourism Management,41, pp.202-227. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015.Strategic management. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Rummler, G.A. and Brache, A.P., 2012.Improving performance: How to manage the white space on the organization chart. John Wiley Sons. Shank, M.D. and Lyberger, M.R., 2014.Sports marketing: A strategic perspective. Routledge. Theodosiou, M., Kehagias, J. and Katsikea, E., 2012. Strategic orientations, marketing capabilities and firm performance: An empirical investigation in the context of frontline managers in service organizations.Industrial Marketing Management,41(7), pp.1058-1070. Wynne, H.S., 2016. 4 Wynnes Boating Manufacturing Company: A Market Analysis and Business Plan for Northwest Arkansas.

Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Essay Example

Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Paper In Joyce Carol Oates’s short story, Life After High School, the character’s wear masks to fit into the late 1950’s strict society that accompany them throughout the story. As the other character’s masks begin to unravel; Zach is fixated on living a normal life that his mask inevitably ends his existence. While Zach’s mental instability ends his life, his obsession saves Sunny and Tobias by removing their veils before it was too late. The main character Zachary Graff, a typical awkward teenager, excels greatly in school, but Zach’s intelligence masks his mental instability. He falls in love with the perfect, ideal, girl in high school. In reality, Zachary loves his best friend Tobias, but the constraints of the 1950’s judgmental society led him to believe that Sunny would be the perfect choice to portray a heterosexual character. He lived a conflicted life up until his death, after being rejected by both Sunny and Tobias, he felt as though death was his only way to freedom. Zach owns a 1956 Plymouth which is envied by many; this represents the masculinity that Zachary lacks. The irony is seen when the car becomes Zach’s coffin instead of expressing his sexuality. Zach expresses little to no interest in girls other than Sunny. His classmates remember him as almost antisocial, some even called him a loner. Zachary shunned sports but claims to have a liking to golf which suggests that even thoug h he lacked talent in the sport, it was accepted by his father. We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Barbara â€Å"Sunny† Bushman, known as the popular, â€Å"too good to be true† Christian. She represents the perfect, All-American 1950’s girl. Sunny can tell that Zach has become infatuated with her by the way he lingers around the school a little too long just to drive her home. Sunny, a devout Christian, flattered by Zachary’s gestures, unfortunately, knows that she can not tell Zachary to get lost. It just simply is not in her vocabulary after being given the ni Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Essay Example Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Paper In Joyce Carol Oates’s short story, Life After High School, the character’s wear masks to fit into the late 1950’s strict society that accompany them throughout the story. As the other character’s masks begin to unravel; Zach is fixated on living a normal life that his mask inevitably ends his existence. While Zach’s mental instability ends his life, his obsession saves Sunny and Tobias by removing their veils before it was too late. The main character Zachary Graff, a typical awkward teenager, excels greatly in school, but Zach’s intelligence masks his mental instability. He falls in love with the perfect, ideal, girl in high school. In reality, Zachary loves his best friend Tobias, but the constraints of the 1950’s judgmental society led him to believe that Sunny would be the perfect choice to portray a heterosexual character. He lived a conflicted life up until his death, after being rejected by both Sunny and Tobias, he felt as though death was his only way to freedom. Zach owns a 1956 Plymouth which is envied by many; this represents the masculinity that Zachary lacks. The irony is seen when the car becomes Zach’s coffin instead of expressing his sexuality. Zach expresses little to no interest in girls other than Sunny. His classmates remember him as almost antisocial, some even called him a loner. Zachary shunned sports but claims to have a liking to golf which suggests that even thoug h he lacked talent in the sport, it was accepted by his father. We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Barbara â€Å"Sunny† Bushman, known as the popular, â€Å"too good to be true† Christian. She represents the perfect, All-American 1950’s girl. Sunny can tell that Zach has become infatuated with her by the way he lingers around the school a little too long just to drive her home. Sunny, a devout Christian, flattered by Zachary’s gestures, unfortunately, knows that she can not tell Zachary to get lost. It just simply is not in her vocabulary after being given the ni

How To Choose The Right Sample Essay

How To Choose The Right Sample EssaySample essay is an important element in a student's college experience. This means it needs to be written and designed correctly. The samples could contain specific rules or patterns for the essay's content, structure, and objectives.The essay definition has to be thought-out properly. If the topic is not appropriate, it may not reflect well on your writing skills. You have to read the sample and decide whether it's best suited for your school.A sample that clearly tells the reader what they should expect from the essay as a whole is an important part of it. A good sample should serve the purpose of setting the tone and content of the essay. It also gives the reader a clear view of the actual sample.Two examples of sample essay definitions are the first one being the usage of the word. The second one is the use of the expression. The former is a more useful, descriptive, and approachable type of definition. While the latter is more technical and 'a cademic.'Students will find that either will be more effective in their assignment and will be more pleasing to their teachers and classmates. It also allows them to be familiar with the type of work that they should be doing in class. It will help them write better essays at home.The topic of a sample is important. The reason it is used is to give a sample of a specific form of writing. Students can get a feel for how it will be written and how they should pace themselves. In fact, it will serve as a focus point for the students in their writing process.In some instances, it is even required that the sample essay is presented in this particular way. Some students cannot afford to spend weeks (or even days) in the midst of their college life trying to develop their own writing style. Sometimes, there is little a student can do about it other than making sure they are exposed to the proper sample essay. One example of this is the presentation of the sample on paper and at the appropr iate length.There are many things that should be considered when choosing a sample. These things are easy to overlook since you are working to learn how to write an essay. The fact of the matter is that if it isn't right, it won't be able to teach you how to write. Thus, it must be crafted well.

Academic Bill of Rights; David Horowitz

Academic Bill of Rights; David Horowitz Free Online Research Papers In the past, intellectual pluralism and academic freedom have been highly valued central principles shared and upheld by most universities. However, in recent years many conservative activists and college students alike have begun to express concern that these principles have faded and are no longer respected by many professors. In 2003, in attempt to solve this problem one activist, David Horowitz, constructed and proposed a new Academic Bill of Rights (ABR) be implemented into universities. Horowitz’ ABR is based upon the concept that there are no limits to human knowledge and therefore no principle un-open to objection. The document is composed of eight tenets which aim to eliminate strong-minded professors from force-feeding vulnerable students their political views while instead creating fair and comfortable environments for students to learn in. Horowitz’ ABR should be implemented into universities in order to assure equal learning environments that ensure all students are able to reach their full potential without the persuasion of others. Perhaps one of the ABR’s most valuable philosophies is that academic growth progresses when students are able to take what they’ve learned and use it develop their own opinions. If professors are biased in their presentations and lessons in class students aren’t able to fully comprehend the subject on all levels. Just like a puzzle, if you’re missing pieces, you’re never going to be able to see the whole picture. When only one viewpoint of a controversy or situation is presented it’s not always easy to distinguish the idea as the whole picture, or merely a piece to the puzzle. The ABR says, â€Å"While teachers are and should be free to pursue their own findings and perspectives in presenting their views, they should consider and make their students aware of other viewpoints,† allowing students to decide for themselves what to believe. After all, what value is your opinion if it’s really only the opinion of somebody else? I’ve found that in today’s world many students, including myself, come into college with very little political knowledge, let alone a firm political stance. College for many is a place to explore and develop a better understanding of politics, and eventually establish a more concrete stance. Professors, many viewed as experts of their subjects, are often looked up to by students and have a great influence on many of them. When professors constantly preach bias political opinions or philosophies to students, they’re bound to have an effect. It’s a major concern that without regulations of the ABR in place some professors, from both sides of the spectrum, might knowledgably be taking advantage of the influence they have on these young minds. In a sense these professors could be robbing students, intentionally or unintentionally, of their right to learn and freedom to choose. Political and Religious bias however, extends much farther than professors prematurely influencing students in the classroom. Many students have also expressed worries concerning the merit of professors grading due to opposing political or religious outlooks. Sharon Schuman narrates several of likely hundreds of cases like this in her article; â€Å"Picked on by the Prof.† She describes one student, Marissa Freimanis, of Cal State Long Beach, who’s perfect GPA was blemished after clashing political ideologies with an English professor. These types of instances shouldn’t be tolerated by universities. The ABR deems, â€Å"students will be graded solely on the basis of their reasoned answers and appropriate knowledge of the subjects and disciplines they study, not on the basis of their political or religious beliefs.† After all, a universities purpose is to oversee and help students grow and develop both intellectually and as individuals in order to succee d in life. To do this successfully its necessary universities implement the ABR to give students somewhere to turn to, and a system to help resolve these types of stressful situations. Perhaps the most astonishing and blunt display of liberal bias in today’s academic world is that of Ward Churchill, University of Colorado ethnic-studies professor. In early 2005 news broke that the professor had written an essay, comparing victims of the September 11 terrorist attack to Nazi war criminal Adolf Eichmann. â€Å"The specter of the long-haired, chain-smoking, research-faking, America-bashing Mr. Churchill molding impressionable young minds turned Mr. Horowitz’s pet project into a national sensation almost overnight. Suddenly, it became difficult to argue that liberal bias on campus was the product of an overheated right-wing imagination,† states Valerie Richardson in her article â€Å"Academic Manifesto Takes Root.† The case of Ward Churchill may be an extreme one, but nonetheless proves indefinitely and undeniably that biased professors do in fact exist today. However, despite these displays there are still those who argue that attempting to interpret the true intentions of a professor isn’t a realistic possibility, and surely isn’t something worth wasting time debating over. Some might even still say there is no issue here at all, that these are simply stories, crafted by the minds of angry conservative students. However, even imagining that being true, most would still agree with the principle of the matter; it would be wrong and unfair if a professor were to base student’s grade upon their political or religious beliefs. That being said, would it really hurt to implement the ABR as a precaution? If these situations are in fact unreal, the new principles wouldn’t affect anyone in a negative way, and at the same time would put those concerned conservative students at ease. Although primarily focused on creating greater academic environments and opportunities for students, Horowitz’ ABR also touches on and strongly values that an equal playing field is given to professors as well. This stresses that professor’s religious or political ideologies aren’t taken into any consideration when decisions are being made. The ABR states that â€Å"all faculty shall be hired, fired, promoted and granted tenure on the basis of their competence and appropriate knowledge in the field of their expertise.† This not only insures that faculty is treated and administered equally, but furthermore that the quality of professors remains at the highest standards. Horowitz’s ABR has the power to enrich the education and academic achievement at any university. It’s essential to the success of universities that the principles of intellectual pluralism and academic freedom come to be highly valued and respected once again. The ABR allows these two principles to coexist by creating open and safe academic standards and environments for students. In days like these with so many beginning to become concerned with professors, universities can’t afford to ignore this innovative document. 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MCAT Accommodations

MCAT Accommodations When youre interested in applying to medical school, but you happen to need accommodations of some kind, it may seem like you have no recourse when it comes to taking the MCAT. You couldnt be more incorrect. Like on other standardized tests – the SAT, the LSAT, the GRE – accommodations are available for the MCAT, too. The only thing youll be required to do if you believe youre someone who needs MCAT accommodations, is figure out the steps you need to take to secure that type of registration. Thats where this article comes in handy. See below for information regarding the types of MCAT accommodations available and the things you   need to do to secure them for yourself. MCAT Registration FAQs Who Needs MCAT Accommodations? Testers who have a medical condition or disability that necessitates changes to the MCAT testing conditions (or think they have one) should go ahead and apply for an MCAT accommodation. The AAMC lists the following as representative of conditions or disabilities that may qualify you for a testing change. They note, however, that the list is not inclusive, so if you believe you need an MCAT change, you should apply even if your particular disability or condition is not listed below: Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)Anxiety disordersMajor depressionLearning disabilitiesPhysical impairmentsVisual impairmentsCrohns DiseaseDiabetesMobility impairments MCAT Accommodations Available Depending on the need of the individual requesting the accommodation, the AAMC will offer things to help make the MCAT more accessible. The following list is just a sampling of what they can do for you: Large printExtra testing timeA separate testing roomPermission to bring in specific items like an inhaler, water or hard candy into the testing room If you require a testing situation outside one of these accommodations the AAMC is willing to make, youll need to make that clear in your application so they can review your needs and make a determination. MCAT Accommodations Application Process In order to get the ball rolling on securing MCAT accommodations, youll need to complete the following steps. Register for an AAMC ID. Youll use this ID when you register for the MCAT, apply for accommodations, apply to medical school, apply for a residency and more. So, make sure your user ID and password is one that youll remember and wont mind seeing again and again. Register for the MCAT. Youll need to register for a regular MCAT testing seat at first, so you can take the test on the date and time you prefer in case your accommodations request is denied. With dozens of test dates and times to choose from, youll be sure to find one that suits you best. Review the Accommodation Request Time Frames and Types. There are different times you must submit your application based on what youre trying to get approved. Many require 60 days, so do your research! Read the Application Requirements for Your Type of Impairment. There are different procedures to go through based on whether you have a physical impairment thats permanent (diabetes, asthma), an injury (a broken leg) or a learning disability . Every application must include a personalized cover letter that describes your disability and functional impairments along medical documentation and an evaluation provided by the AAMC. Submit your Application. You must – MUST – submit your application for accommodations no later than 60 days before the Silver Zone registration deadline. Whats the Silver Zone Registration? Wait for a Decision! Youll receive a letter via the MCAT Accommodations Online that your request has either been approved or denied. If youve been approved, your next step will be to confirm your seat as an accommodated tester. If youre denied, just show up for your standard testing time. MCAT Accommodations Questions Got a question for the AAMC? You can either contact them via email or mail. E-mail: accommodationsaamc.org Mailing Address AAMCMCAT Office of Accommodated TestingAttn: Saresa Davis, Mailroom Supervisor2450 N Street, NWWashington, DC 20037

Early Medical Practices in the Neolithic Period Research Proposal

Early Medical Practices in the Neolithic Period - Research Proposal Example The objectives are to conduct a visual survey and then a targeted analysis looking for narcotic or other chemical traces, and to interpret the remains holistically including any new evidence found. Literature review There is a very extensive literature on the burial practices of Neolithic peoples, (Thomas, 1999) and indeed excavations of burial sites, especially in Egypt but also across Europe and in the Americas provide the largest sources of human bone material for analysis. The form of deposition human remains is, however, not without its problems because the bones are subjected to various processes ranging from burning, to de-fleshing, selected preservation of only parts of the body, and mummification. Various kinds of positioning in different types of ground leave traces on the bones which add layers of complication to scientific analysis. Incomplete samples survive, with uneven distribution due to geological rather than historical variation, which makes it difficult to form a c omplete picture. There are some Neolithic bone samples which show evidence of healing, but it is not certain that this is a result of medical intervention. The large number of trephined skulls found in Europe in Neolithic deposits, and somewhat later also in Peru, is however, incontrovertible evidence of medical activity (Ackerknecht, 1968, p. 8). McKenzie (1936, p. 895) theorizes that the purpose of scraping a hole in the skull was to cure giddiness or epilepsy but it is unclear what evidence can be drawn to point to this conclusion, other than that no trauma is evident in the bones, which could otherwise explain the hole. The Peruvian examples do show evidence of... This study is a great example of an investigation into Neolithic Doctoring practices via visual and chemical analysis. The Neolithic period from between 4000 and 2000 BC is widely recognised as being pivotal in human history because it marks the time when large populations of people shifted from a nomadic, hunter-gatherer lifestyle to a more settled existence dependent on agriculture as a major food source. Evidence for this has been gathered from several centuries of work in the field of archaeology. Often, however, the human artifacts do not provide complete answers to exploratory research questions, and so holistic techniques from the field of anthropology can be used to make sense of supplement sparse findings. The aim of the study is to explore the evidence in Neolithic skeletal remains in order to illuminate medical practices of this period. The majority of the material available from the Neolithic period consists of skeletal remains, and some work has been done on dental evidence and diet (Lubell et al., 1994). A combination of thorough visual examination and modern GC-MS testing of the bone material for chemical elements offers a new angle on medical practices because it will reveal both healing processes at work, and any potential use of medicinal narcotics. These testing techniques have been used on organic residues of 958 British prehistoric pots to trace dairy material and a similar method applied to Neolithic bone may bring to light significant information on medical practices of that time.

Assessments and children Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Assessments and children - Essay Example Teachers in early childhood education should be very committed, as children require extra care and the teacher should be very attentive to ensure that the children really understand what they have learnt in class. Additionally, the teacher should be ready to communicate as he or she has to inform parents about the progress of their children, has to communicate with children to ensure that they understand, and has to report to the school management (Childcare Education Institute Para. 1-7). Teachers use several tools to assess the progress of the pupils and one assessing tool used is a review and reflection tool. This tool assesses and reflects on the progress the knowledge that children have acquired in class and enables the teacher to come with strategies to handle each child. The advantage of this assessment tool is that it makes children to be keen on the things learnt in class and promotes the relationship between the teacher and the child. Additionally, there are high expectations of children understanding the lessons learnt in class through reflections (Flottman, Stewart, and Collette 6-12). In conclusion, early childhood education has been vital in molding children about life and the teachers in early childhood education should be committed and use the right tools to ensure that children understand things learnt in class. Flottman Rachel, Stewart Lucinda and Collette Tayler. Practice Principle 7: Assessment for Learning and Development. 2011. Web. 28 Jan. 2014.